History of Nobel Prize

- The Nobel Prizes are given under the will of Alfred Bernard Nobel who died in 1896. He was a noted Swedish chemist and enginner who discovered Nitroglycerin and its use in the manufacture of dynamite.

- Nobel Prizes are given each year in the six fields. The Nobel Prizes for peace, physics, chemistry, medicine and literature were started in 1901. The Nobel prize for economics was started in 1968.

- The prize awarding bodies are

      · The Swedish Academy of         

        Literature awards the prize in 

        Literature.

      · The Royal Swedish Academy of

        Sciences awards the prize in 

        physics and chemistry.

   

     · The Bank of Sweden awards the

        prize in Economics.

     

     · The Nobel Assembly of  

       Karolinska Chirugical (Sweden) 

       awards the prize in Medicine 

       (Physiology).

   

     · The Committee of the 

       Norwegian Parliament awards

       the prize for Peace.

- Each recipient or laureate, receives a gold medal, a diploma and a sum of money which depends on the Nobel Foundations; income that year.

- The awards are presented in Stockholm in an annual ceremony on 10th December, the anniversary of Nobel's death.

- The awards can be given to maximum three persons in the same field at the same time.

- The Nobel prize was not awarded between 1940 and 1942 due to the outbreak of World War II.