Threats to Biodiversity
- The unsustainable harvesting of natural resources, including plants, animals and marine species and their degradation or fragmentation of ecosystems though land conversation for agriculture, forest clearing etc.
- Invasive non-native or alien species being introduced to ecosystems to which they are not adapted.
- A changing Global climate threatens species and ecosystems.
- The distribution of species is largely determined by climate, as is the distribution of ecosystems and plant vegetations zones.
Hot Spot of Biodiversity
- The areas on Earth which exhibit high species richness as well as species endemism are termed as hot spot of biodiversity. To qualify as a hot spot, it must support 0.5% of the global plant species.
- It must have lost more than 70% of its original habitat.
- There are 34 hot spot of biodiversity on a global level, out of which following are present in India.
- The Western Ghat
- The Eastern Himalayas
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